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Matrix (pl.: matrices).
A rectangular array of numbers, letters, or other entities arranged in rows and columns.
Maximum/minimum (of a graph).
The highest/lowest point on a graph. A relative maximum/minimum is higher/lower than any other point in its immediate vicinity.
Mean.
The arithmetic average of a set of numerical data.
Median.
The middle value of an ordered set of numerical data. For example, the median value of the set {5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 11,13} is 10.
Mode.
The most frequently occurring value in a set of data. For example, the mode of the set {13, 5, 9, 11, 11, 8, 10} is 11.
Model (mathematical).
A [verb] and a noun. [Generate] a mathematical representation (e.g., number, graph, matrix, equation(s), geometric figure) for real world or mathematical objects, properties, actions, or relationships.
(Non)-Linear functional relationship.
(See definition of Function above.) Many functions can be represented by pairs of numbers. When the graph of those pairs results in points lying on a straight line, a function is said to be linear. When not on a line, the function is nonlinear.
Outlier.
For a set of numerical data, any value that is markedly smaller or larger than other values. For example, in the data set {3, 5, 4, 4, 6, 2, 25, 5, 6, 2} the value of 25 is an outlier.
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